1. Myanmar has benefitted as an economy from the exports that have increased during FY’17 and FY’19
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The exports in Myanmar have increased and manufactured products make up ~40% of total Myanmar exports and continue to rise, followed by agriculture crops, mineral products and marine products. Myanmar’s exports to the United States significantly increased in FY’17 because of large amounts of garments that were exported.
The exports through Sea dominated in Myanmar out of the total export value. The sea was followed by Pipeline which captured around 23% of total exports. Nearly 30% of the exports was to China followed by Thailand and Japan. Garments made up of most of the total exports in Myanmar followed by minerals, Timber, Animal Products, etc.
2. Poor Infrastructure, Political Instability, Rising Fuel Prices are the major challenges in the growth of the Logistics Market in Myanmar
The logistics infrastructure in Myanmar is not up to the mark with ASEAN standards and is the major reason for slow growth of the logistics sector in the past. In the World Bank Logistics Performance Index, Myanmar ranks 137 out of 160 countries.
Its infrastructure score is less than 2 and logistics competence score is merely 2.28. There is a lack of diversified links in the logistics flow corridors and shortcomings of facilities such as transport hubs, truck terminals, dry ports, off-dock facilities and warehouses.
The military takeover of Myanmar on 1 February FY’22 has adversely affected the logistics companies due rising fuel prices, border closures, and a shortage of shipping containers. Declaration of martial law in some Yangon townships has particularly affected the safety of garment sector employees and they considered to leave. About 90% of the drivers in Yangon halted work.
Logistics companies in Myanmar have been affected by rising fuel prices, border closures, and a shortage of shipping containers after the Covid-19 outbreak.
Higher fuel prices and currency liquidity shortages significantly increased the cost of inland transport services. Limited internet and telecommunications capacity in the country further exacerbate the risks facing businesses in Myanmar.
3. To overcome the shortcomings, the government is aiming to establish Myanmar as a Logistics Hub by developing SEZs, Logistics Corridor Development Strategy and National Transport Master Plan
Myanmar has developed special economic zones in three areas – Dawei, Thilawa and Kyaukphyu – for international investors and multinational companies as developers and partners. In the long run, Myanmar is embarking on two poles – Yangon and Mandalay – with growth centers in most regional capitals. Establishment and upgrading the existing industries and the Special Economic Zones (SEZ) are important for Myanmar’s industrial development.
The strategic development of transport nodes is essential to upgrade or to transform a transport corridor into a logistics development corridor. The corridors include the North-South Logistics Corridor between Yangon and Southern China, South-East Logistics Corridor to Thailand, Trans-Myanmar Logistics Corridor connecting Kyaukphyu in Rakhine State with Tachileik in Shan State, Myanmar-India Logistics Corridor, Main River Logistics Corridor, and Coastal Marine Logistics Corridor.
The vision of the NTMP is to develop an efficient, modern, safe, and environmentally-friendly transport system in a coordinated and sustainable manner that embraces all transport modes for the benefit of the country and people of Myanmar.